Saturday, 16 July 2022

August 1945

The war was finally over. Now it was time for television to grow.

TV had come through the war years with eight stations broadcasting programmes in New York, Chicago, Los Angeles, Philadelphia and Schenectady as of V-J Day.

August 1945 saw the FCC lift freezes that stopped stations from being built and re-jig frequencies (and would do that some more). TV set manufacturers were gearing up for production again; a demonstration of one small set attracted two thousand people to a store window.

Our look at television for that month shows how a few of the stations covered the Japanese surrender, and featured special programmes about the atomic bomb. The Philadelphia station was about to resume live shows. Two stations had arranged for special school broadcasts. On the flip side, a division of RKO that hoped to become a TV programme producer quickly saw the idea die.

The NBC station continued with live baseball games and boxing matches. The Chicago station was plagued again by free talent bailing when they found paid work in radio. And the Don Lee station in Los Angeles featured a drama that co-starred Shirley Mitchell, who appeared on “I Love Lucy,” “Petticoat Junction” and a bushel of other shows in the ‘50s and ‘60s. It also mounted a sitcom that gave Verna Felton her only starring role along with a cast of top radio comic actors, including Walter Tetley.

Wednesday, August 1
WABD Channel 4

8:00 “Ike on Sports.”
8:30 Motion picture.
9:00 “Author! Author!”
9:30 Motion picture.
10:00 One-act Comedy: “Supressed Desires.”

Thursday, August 2
WNBT Channel 1

7:00-8:30: Children’s Program. Film: “Arizona Gang Busters” with Tim McCoy (PRC, 1940).
WCBW Channel 2
8:00 News and analysis with Tom O’Connor.
8:10 “The Doctor Looks.” Dr. Don W. Gudakuinet, guest.
8:25 Film: “Awl Message.”
8:40 O.W.I. announcement.
8:45 Hal Sherman, comedy.
WABD Channel 4
8:00 “Magazine of the Air.”
8:30 Motion picture.
9:15 “Thanks For Looking” with Patricia Murray and John Reed King.
9:30 Selected films.
10:00 “Thrills and Chills” with Doug Allan.
CBS
Reviewed Thursday (2), 8-9 p.m. Style—News, film, comedy. Sustaining over WCBW, New York.
Leo Hurwitz-directed, Gilbert Seldes-produced, Hal Sherman show, while a praiseworthy attempt to break the rigid molds into which the music ban has cast television, failed to register as much of anything because of below-par direction and some very hammy camera work. Placed in an effective night club net, Sherman did a few of his familiar routines, drew a few chuckles but lost 75 per cent of the effectiveness of his comic dancing because of directing and Ike handling by Al Keiban and Ralph Warren.
Particularly bad were the long shots, most of which allowed far too much head room and cut off the educated Sherman feet. Panning the camera down would bring in too much floor but bringing the camera in and then tilting it would have turned the trick. Most of the close-ups of the dancing were good, but on several occasions the Ike was panned to the top of the comic's body to catch some band or face motion but got there too late. And in the interim another eccentric leg motion was lost. In chatter sequences the director many times called for head close-ups just in time to get a nice clear shot of the back of Sherman's neck. The effect of a final dance routine was dissipated by a great many cuts from one camera to another. The switches meant nothing and lost for the audience the fun of Sherman's "music reading" bit.
Obviously, the fault lies with inadequate rehearsal, but even unrehearsed shows have been good, provided the director and his cameramen are on their toes. A 15-minute program with Victor Borge some months back is a good example.
News with Tom O'Conner and a film rounded out the hour. Marty Schrader. (Billboard, Aug. 11)


Balaban & Katz
Reviewed Thursday (2), 7:30 to 8:15 p.m. Style—News and variety. Sustaining on WBKB, Chicago.
Tonight's program at WBKB was little more than a waste of time, effort and the power used to transmit a picture to the television set owners of the city. Of the 45 minutes, only 15 minutes—the time it took Jenya to give one of her excellent piano recitals—was worth more than fleeting attention.
To back up Jenya's masterful playing of the classics and popular music, direction and camera work was above average. There were some good slow-dissolve shots, and for a change, direction smart enough to include some impressive and attention holding close-ups of the pianist's hands reflected in the mirror in front of the keyboard. If Jenya were always backed up by good camera work, lighting and direction, her programs could be built into sock television material worth sponsorship by any cities advertiser.
Leyah'a dance interpretation of "girl meets boy" wasn't as good as some of the movie shorts made In the infant days of the flickers. With dance pantomime and rhyming lines, she tried to tell the story of the experiences of a gal who meets a boy in the park. Musical background was of the corny type, such as While Strolling Thru the Park One Day. Leyah didn't even bother to keep her dancing confined to the space in front of the panoramic photograph background, and often off-stage shots of a wooden background were telecast. In summary, Oh, brother!
Don Faust's news shows continue to be little more than the reading of copy and map talks. His commentary is good for radio but certainly nothing unusual enough to be called worthy television fare. Cy Wagner. (Billboard, Aug. 11)


Possible uses of television as a teaching aid in the city schools will be explored jointly this fall by the Board of Education and the National Broadcasting Company. Soon after the reopening of schools in September, the board announced yesterday, a special weekly television program will be broadcast for study by selected classes from junior high schools. The broadcasts will originate from the National Broadcasting Company’s television station WNBT. Subject matter of the first programs will be drawn from the field of science and the initial broadcast will deal with the development of television and its effects on modern life.
According to John F. Royal, NBC vice-president in charge of television, “every effort will be made to seek the distinctive contribution that television can make as a new and different medium and to avoid the mere repetition of the types of education that are achieved through the media of films and radio.” An attempt will be made to reproduce some of the notable scientific experiments of history so that students may see as well as hear about them. Leading scientists will be invited to take part in selecting material suitable for the program, Mr. Royal said.
In the absence of television receivers in city schools, groups of fifty junior high school students at a time will be taken to NBC television viewing rooms on the sixth and ninth floors of the R. C. A. Building where, with their teachers, they will see the broadcasts.
After the broadcasts the reactions of the teachers and pupils will be studied to determine what changes must be made in the programs to make them more effective educationally. The students who will participate in the first experimental programs will be thirteen to fifteen years old and will be drawn from the seventh, eighth and ninth grades.
In later programs an attempt will be made to utilize television for instruction in the social sciences and the arts and languages. Scripts for the first broadcasts will be prepared during the next few weeks. (Herald Tribune, Aug. 2)


Friday, August 3
WNBT Channel 1

8:00 “The World in Your Home.”
8:21 Short subject.
8:30 Boxing at Madison Square Garden.
10:00 Feature bout: Willie Joyce vs. Tippy Larkin.

Saturday, August 4
WNBT Channel 1

8:40-10:30 Baseball: Giants vs. Phillies at the Polo Grounds.

NEW YORK, Aug. 4.—Bulova Watch Company, biggest buyers of radio time signals and sponsors of station breaks on NBC television for over a year, this week became the first client to sign on Columbia's tele station, WCBW, with four 20-second spots a week.
Bulova will use films and emphasize style of its watches rather than accuracy pitch. (Billboard, Aug 11)


Sunday, August 5
WNBT Channel 1

8:00 Telenewsreel.
8:10 Feature film.
9:15 Short subject.

Monday, August 6
WNBT Channel 1

8:00 Film: “Wings of Democracy.”
8:15 Feature Film: “The Invisible Killer” with Grace Bradley and Roland Drew (PRC, 1939).
9:20 Televues: On the Trail.
WCBW Channel 2
8:00 News with Dwight Cooke.
8:10 Film.
8:15-9:30 Amateur Boxing Bouts.

Don Lee’s television outlet here, W6XAO, puts on its most ambitious program Monday night [6] when Verna Felton, Arthur Q. Bryan, Walter Tetley, Jane Morgan, Earle Ross, Joe Granby, Selma Stern and Eddie Marr do a 30-minute show adapted from AM. Peggy Weber and Mal Boyd did the script and Jack Stewart handles the production titled “Oh, Miss Tubbs.” Mal Boyd quipped on the side, “Say the total Hooperating on the show will be over 331.” Hooper, we are sure, won’t give a hoop. (Hollywood Reporter, Aug. 2)

FOUR classes of television stations are proposed in tentative allocations adopted by FCC-industry joint engineering committee and submitted to Commission for formal approval. Channel 1 reserved for small communities; Channels 2-13 available for all station classes. FM standards adopted by engineers also submitted to FCC; subcommittee on fax standards named.
The TV plan provides for assignment of channels for 400 television stations in Class A, B and C to 125 of the 140 metropolitan districts of the U. S. Several hundred Class D stations will be available to serve the remaining 15 metropolitan districts and other areas. Under the proposed allocation New York and Chicago each will get seven channels—2,4,5,7,9,11,13 for Class A stations. Los Angeles will be assigned the same channels for seven Class C stations. Channels 3,6,8 and 10 will be assigned to Philadelphia for Class A stations and Detroit will get the same channels plus Channel 12, also for Class A stations. San Francisco-Oakland area will use Channels 2,4,5,7,9,11 for Class C stations. (Broadcasting, Aug. 6)


Tuesday, August 7
WCBW Channel 2

8:00 News with Dwight Cooke.
8:15 James Lawrence Fly, others, discussing new C. B. S.-Encyclopaedia Britannica television series.
8:20 The World We Live In: “Hunger Takes No Holiday.”
8:50 Motion picture.
9:00-9:30 “The Missus Goes A-Shopping” with John Reed King.
CBS
Reviewed Tuesday (7), 8-10 p.m. Style—News, interview, documentary, film, audience participation. Sustaining over WCBW, New York.
It would be an understatement to say that WCBW's Hunger Takes No Holiday, first of a new series in co-operation with Encyclopaedia Britannic films, was an accomplished technical performance by director Tony Miner, cameramen Martin Steinberg and Al Kleban, and set designer James McNaughton. On the other hand. it would be an overstatement to say that Hunger Takes No Holiday was great entertainment.
Rudy Bretz and Edward Stashed turned in an engrossing script which would have been perfect for radio. In television, however, it became static in several spots and talky most of the way thru. Greater emphasis on film (which incidentally was beautifully integrated) might have eliminated some of the dull spots. Greater use of the visually interesting sets could have made a good script a better one. The concept of famine as a tall, thin man in a black cape, was an amateurish touch which detracted from the professional skill with which Director Miner handled his show, Certainly non-commercial, Hunger Takes No Holiday, was nonetheless a good piece of educational work.
Program itself dealt with the problems of the administration of a conquered German town and the battle which the military has to supply the population with food. Using that simple story as a base, the history of man's struggle for food was developed as a major theme, ending with the strides humanity has made In the invention of mechanical agricultural equipment. Entire presentation could have been improved reducing its length, by eliminating some of the dragging spots. Interesting performances were turned in by Calvin Thomas, Lee Kresel, Kip Good, Leo Hass, Hal Michael and Emil Harris. As Hunger, Kendall Bryson seemed a bit too much the hoss-opera villain.
Good as Hunger Takes No Holiday happened to be, its edge was dulled by an interminable discussion among James Lawrence Fly, Dr. V. C. Arnspeiger and Prof. Lennox Gray on the significance of education by television. It was a feature that was best left in the files to gather dust. Certainly it has no place before the television camera.
News, a film, and the Missus Goes A-Shopping rounded out the evening. Marty Schrader. (Billboard, Aug. 18)


"THE WORLD WE LIVE IN"
With Kendall Bryson, Lee Kresel, Calvin Thomas, Thomas Nello, Alfred Linder, Harold Dyrenforth, Kip Good, Leo Haas, Hal Michael, Emil Harris
Writers: Ed Stasheff and Rudy Brelz
Producer-Director: Worthington Miner
Scenic Designer: James McNaughton
30 Mins.; Tuesdays, 8:15 p.m.
Sustaining
WCBW-CBS, N. Y.
CBS has begun another experimental educational series, a documentary telecast entitled "The World We Live In," with which it hopes to inspire action on the Allied Military Government's tremendous problem of feeding the starving peoples of Europe.
At the disposal of the program's producers are vast resources of material: "Hunger and History," "Six Thousand Years of Bread," "UNRRA Pamphlet No. 1," "Hill's Pamphlet On World Food Problems," volume "EXTR to GAMB" of the 1945 edition of the Encyclopedia Britannica and a 16 mm. film titled "Wheat." The aforementioned, it would seem, should provide enough information for an imaginative dramatist who was out to do a story based on the premise that "Hunger Takes No Holiday," the title of this particular episode.
For the dramatized portion of the program, the scene opened up with a partially-destroyed museum interior closely resembling the opening scene of the stage version of "A Bell For Adano," except for a few extra symbolic pieces of statuary, which the audience was to learn later were the dubious keys to the problems that beset both the writers and the AMG. It was almost halfway through the play that these turned out to be replicas of the various tools used by man to cultivate the earth down the centuries for fruition. All this was devised through the allegorical presence of famine played with persevering arrogance by Kendall Bryson, who in his long, flowing black cape, resembled the cartoon of Batman more than the symbol of hunger. And from the moment he entered the scene, the air became fused with a good deal of standard dates and data about the great periods of famine down the centuries. The various countries devastated by famine were represented by heavily costumed actors who carried on like life-size puppets. With the aid of animated film, "the finale described how the machine age of the past, century and a half has conquered the food problems, etc., much to the dismay of Mr. Hunger.
Had there been more than just the garrulous arguments between the AMG rep and Mr. Hunger, the program might have accomplished what the producers want—to inspire televiewers to do something about the problems televised during this series. Static expostulations can't be counted on to inspire audience participation.
Three spokesmen in the fields of communication and education prefaced the program. Ex-FCC Chairman James Lawrence Fly reiterated the need for an international communicative system for planting and nourishing the seeds of democracy throughout the world. Dr. V. C. Arnspiger of Encyclopaedia Britannica Films and Professor Lennox Gray of Columbia University also visualize the utilization of communicative media for mass education.
The brevity that went into the three authorities' introductory comments should have gone into the script penned by Ed Stasheff and Rudy Bretz. Worthington Miner did as much with direction as the actionless script allowed. Calvin Thomas portrayed the AMG's Major Carmody in a colorless fashion. Kendall Bryson allegorized hunger melodramatically. National sequences of Paul Belanger were effective, and others' in the cast were adequate. James McNaughton's scene of the partially demolished museum had an air of authenticity about it, although there were too many gray tones in it for clarity in some of the shots. (Variety, Aug. 15)


WASHINGTON, Aug. 7 (U.P.)—The Federal Communications Commission stated today that its “freeze” policy for the construction of new radio stations will be lifted in sixty days. The War Production Board has indicated that materials will become available within the next few months for the use of broadcast applicants, the FCC said. This applies to all types of stations, including standard, television and frequency modulation, the commission added.
It is expected that construction started during the latter part of this year can be completed “without unreasonable difficulty,” the commission declared.
Resumption of normal licensing practices will begin after a sixty-day period during which applications now pending may be brought up to date. New applications will be received in order to “prevent any inequity” to persons who did not file applications during the freeze period.


Wednesday, August 8
WCBW Channel 2

8:00 Unscheduled program, the first on the station since Pearl Harbor Day.
WABD Channel 4
8:00 Motion Picture.
8:30 “The Magic Carpet.”
8:45 Film Program.
9:00 “Author! Author!” Emily Hahn and Dr. Liang Tsai-Ping, guests.
10:00-10:30 Dance program.
CBS
Reviewed Wednesday (8), 8-9 p.m. Style—Documentary sustaining over WRGB [sic], New York.
Immediacy of this video presentation on Russia entering the war against Japan was sock, the television technique minus. The one type of show that CBS hasn't licked is the off-the-cuff shooting. Gilbert Seldes [photo, right], as usual on "ad-lib" shots, started on a wrong cue and had to start his opening spiel all over again. President Truman's pic was scanned twice, once for Harry himself and other announced as Marshall Stalin (they never did scan Joe). And these were just two of the fluffs that occurred during the evening.
Even the programing was terrific—in its duplication. First Dwight Cook said it, then Capt. Sergei Kornikoff (the Russian "expert") said it and finally Maj. George Fielding Eliot did a reprise on what the other two said.
Motion picture clips (from Frank Capra's OWI film on Russia) were good when they were tele-clear. However, there were many shots which involved montages and superimposition of titles upon moving scenes that were just blurs.
The one part of the program that presented real video possibilities was the Russkya Troika, three typical Russ singers. This, too, was by-passed with one close-up for the entire scanning.
Interviews, film clips, news shots with maps, etc., and some singing add up to nothing unless there is a masterhand somewhere molding it into an air-pic. There was no molding on this seg.
Still the immediacy overcame all the production negatives. It was a thrilling hour in spite of them all. Joe Koehler. (Billboard, Aug. 18)


Television Productions, Inc.
Reviewed Wednesday (8), 8:30-9:30 p.m. Style—News, fashion show, vaude acts. Sustaining on W6XYZ, Hollywood.
Tonight's videocast presented a well-balanced entertainment dish for home viewers, with Klaus Landsberg's Fashion Guide the feature of the evening.
Fashion part of the tele slyer was prepared under the supervision of Edith Head, a Paramount designer, with Miss Head taking part. Styler was presented in skit with Paramount Pictures' starlets Kay Scott and Gloria Saunders taking roles, and Dick Lane emseeing.
Gals supposedly have chance to take In an exclusive night spot but haven't the proper clothes for the occasion. Miss Head steps in and shows the mitten a few helpful tips about style. Fact that Fashion Guide was presented as skit made it more interesting than usual method of parading girls and telling do's and don'ts about fern attire. Eye-easy starlets made program acceptable to male viewers, too.
Paramount News was timely, presenting picturized versions of Russia's declaration of war on Japan a few hours after news broke. Smooth job in writing narration of Paramount News was done by Gordon Wright, with Heatherington coming thru in top form as narrator. News commentary was handled in easy-going manner by Jack Latham, who brought viewers up to date by pointing out atomic bombing areas on the map.
Vaude phase of videocast included tap routine by Pat Sullivan, impersonations by Kay Medford, aero dance by Isabel Brown, Latin American songs by Tomasita, with Rookie Lewis in comedy act. Dick Lane was emcee. Vaude went thru smoothly, with video honors going to Landsberg for dissolves. In dance numbers images from two cameras were blended giving startling duo impression. Lee Zhito. (Billboard, Aug. 18)


New York.—WOR has resumed production of its television program via WRGB in Schenectady on Wednesday night from 8:30 to 9 p.m. with the 13-week series titled “The Better Half.”
Beginning Sept. 12, the station will devote seven programs, four titled “Brown Street Theatre” and three titled “The Sealed Book,” under the production helm of Bob Emery. These two series are adaptations of dramas which have been heard on WOR. (Hollywood Reporter, Aug. 7)


A FABULOUS plan wherein radio and aviation would join hands to saturate the nation with primary radio service via a system of very high frequency" relays (from plane to plane), which would carry television, FM, facsimile and even business radio transmissions, is about to be unfolded.
Westinghouse, pioneer in radio, and Glenn L. Martin Co., in the forefront of aeronautics manufacturing and research, are the joint inventors and developers. ...
The country would be staked off into perhaps a score of geographical segments. Planes "anchored" to a prescribed course and equipped with appropriate television, FM and other transmitters and relays would "circle" the course transmitting and relaying. They would fly at 30,000 feet. Each plane might cover a radius of about 300 miles, with the coverage "interlaced" with the adjacent areas. (Broadcasting, Aug. 8)


Thursday, August 9
WNBT Channel 1

7:00-8:30: Children’s Program. Film: “Man’s Best Friend”; also short subjects.
WCBW Channel 2
8:00 News with Tom O’Connor.
8:10 Film and OWI short.
8:30 “Opinions on Trial.”
WABD Channel 4
8:00 “Magazine of the Air.”
8:30 Motion picture.
9:15 “Thanks For Looking” with Patricia Murray and John Reed King.
9:45 Selected films.

Friday, August 10
WNBT Channel 1

8:00 “The World in Your Home.”
8:21 Short subject.
8:30 Boxing at Madison Square Garden.
10:00 Feature Bout: Jake LaMotta vs. Jose Basora.

Balaban & Katz
Reviewed Friday (10), 7:30 to 9 p.m. Style—News, drama, education, music. Sustaining and commercial on WBKB, Chicago.
Again WBKB has proved the theory that it won't cost a prohibitive price for commercial sponsorship to put on a live television program now or in the future. Vehicle WBKB used to prove theory tonight was a video adaptation of Anton Chekhov's Marriage Proposal, standard Little Theater fare.
A half-hour adaptation of the famed Chekhov play was prepared, directed and produced by Beulah Zachary of WBKB.
Simplicity of the program, combined with dramatic entertainment impact to what made it good video-and potentially cheap-video. As is the policy for all WBKB shows the actors received no folding money for their effort. (More later about the acting ability on the show.) Taking into consideration the payment of royalty for rights to play. renting of costumes, and cost of preparing scenery and settings, the show cost the station about $50. If you add to this a pro-rated per show cost of actors for rehearsal and show time in the future, cheapness of this type of show for future commercial sponsorship can be seen.
Show used a cast of three and one set. Total rehearsal time was about two hours before the cameras and about six hours of line rehearsal before that.
Three actors, who did an excellent job of portraying typical Chekhov Russian characters, were Howard Hoffman as Stepan; Marji Doctoroff as Natalia, and Joe Wilson as Ivan. Hoffman, as Stepan, the father of Natalia, who eventually becomes engaged to Ivan after many emotional pitfalls have been circumvented. did a top job. He proved he could be a leading character actor in future television productions. Miss Doctoroff and Wilson, gave Hoffman a stiff fight for laurels, as well as proving that video dramatic production can be cheap and still good. WBKB Illustrated how television can be a powerful educational force. To do this the station with the co-operation of the Admiral Radio Corporation presented Wagner Schlessinger, head of Chicago's Adler Planetarium. In a discussion of various celestial bodies, Schlessinger used some excellent photographs and drawings to illustrate his discussion and it was while he was doing this that television educational potentiality was graphically brought out.
Rounding out the program was a news commentary by Gil Hix and the singing of Dale Cronin. Both needed better production. Cy Wagner. (Billboard, Aug. 18)


Saturday, August 11
WNBT Channel 1

8:40-10:30 Baseball: Giants vs. Cardinals at the Polo Grounds.

Sunday, August 12
WNBT Channel 1

8:00 Telenewsreel.
8:10 “Adventures in Natural History—Monsters of the Deep.”
8:30 Feature film.
9:15 Short subject.

Monday, August 13
WNBT Channel 1

8:00 Film: “Wings of Democracy.”
8:15 Feature Film: “Prison Train” with Fred Keating, Glenda Winters and Nestor Paiva (Equity, 1938).
9:20 Televues: Wrestling Thrills.
WCBW Channel 2
8:00 News with Dwight Cooke.
8:10 Film.
8:15-9:30 Amateur Boxing Bouts.

SUPER SUDS ON TV: Colgate-Palmolive-Peet Co., Jersey City, will sponsor a Tuesday evening dramatic variety program for Super Suds on WABD, DuMont television station in New York, starting in September. Series will be produced by Wm. Esty & Co., New York, agency for Super Suds. (Broadcasting, Aug. 13)

PHILCO Corp.'s television station, WPTZ Philadelphia, plans to use live programs in the fall, leading off with telecasts of the home games of the U. of Pennsylvania. Games will be sponsored by Atlantic Refining Co.
"We are throwing the doors open to agencies," said Paul Knight, Philco station manager. "We were on the air for 20 to 25 hours before the war and we plan to resume regular telecasting this fall."
Philco will relay football game telecasts to WNBT New York, NBC outlet, Mr. Knight said, if the necessary equipment can be obtained. WPTZ equipment will gradually be replaced, he said. The station expects a fall personnel increase of from 15 to 20 persons, he explained. WPTZ is currently relaying film programs from 8 to 10 p.m. on Wednesdays and Fridays through facilities of WNBT, Mr. Knight said. (Broadcasting, Aug. 13)


STAMPEDE to start television service in the Nation's capital got under way last week when NBC and Bamberger Broadcasting Co. (WOR) obtained approval of the Board of Zoning Adjustment of the District of Columbia to use sites acquired in residential areas for erection of towers and transmitter buildings. Regulations permitting video antennas in such areas had previously been adopted in Washington.
Final approval of the height of towers to be allowed was withheld pending receipt of data required by the Board to reconcile differences in elevations at two locations. NBC plans to erect a 360 ft. antenna on a 200 ft. elevation at the Wardman Park Hotel while Bamberger seeks to install a 300 ft. tower on a 400 ft. site at a point three miles farther from downtown Washington. (Broadcasting, Aug. 13)


Tuesday, August 14
WCBW Channel 2

8:00 News with Dwight Cooke.
8:15 Film.
9:00-9:30 “There Ought to Be a Law,” high school students discuss.
(The above programming was cancelled. See below).
CBS' tele station WCBW telecast its Victory program last night (Tues.), projecting films taken of arrival of the Charles M. Muir, the first transport ship from the Pacific. Highlight of the program, however, was the graphic presentation of the "Story of Radar," released for the first time by the joint board of Scientific Information Policy for Office of Scientific Research and Development and the War and Navy Departments. Popular Science mag provided all the material for the telecast. Remainder of program included news films, bulletins, documentary films, interviews, etc.
ABC's video has set a specialty, "Headlines on Parade," for telecast over WRGB, Friday night [17]. Documentary program will highlight the events beginning with V-E Day right on through to the V-J Day announcement by President Truman. Harvey Marlowe will produce.
NBC television station, WNBT, as well as Dumont, GE and video stations in Philadelphia, Chicago and on the Coast were also standing by with special V-J plans. (Variety, Aug. 15)


Radar
Reviewed Sunday (12), 8:15 p.m. and Tuesday (14), 8:30 p.m. Style—Documentary. Sustaining over WNBT (NBC) and WCBW (CBS), New York.
Radar became officially something that everyone could talk about Wednesday (15). The Billboard reported on it in last week's issue (18), with NBC jumping the gun three days and CBS one, on a video presentation of the "new" science. Giving immediacy to the subject, which it should have, was snafued by both networks. NBC presented it as a discourse which had a chase-'em-away-from-the-receiver quality. CBS, having its animated diagram and map device, was able to make the idea of radar far more understandable, however, because they brought in the editor of Popular Science as an interview subject. It also failed, however, to make radar the war-winning device which it is. James Peck, the ed in question, wasn't bad, but an interview on the pic-air is just so much wasted footage.
If they (CBS) could have taken some of Peck's facts, such as "no more Titanic or Empire State disasters" and indicated thru moom pic and superimposed diagrams (which can be done) of what happened and how radar could have prevented it, then this electronic device could have meant something to everyone viewing the telecast.
As it was both shows put radar on the shelves of the television audiences' mind. Joe Koehler. (Billboard, Aug. 25)


V-J Day
Reviewed Tuesday (14) thruout day and evening. Style—News, special events, documentary and pix. Sustaining and commercial over WNBT (NBC) and WCBW (CBS). New York.
Technically Tuesday, the 14th wasn't V-J Day, but the video outlets of the senior networks treated it as such with their presentations and as such it must be considered. NBC being the only network with remote cameras at the moment, tried to do an "on the scene" job of New York's Times Square. Altho they returned to "the heart of Manhattan" time and time again, they produced only a feeling that crowds at this stage of video are nothing more than designless versions of Captain Eddy's (B & K) kaleidoscope and only a fraction as interesting. There was an immediacy, but like the announcers handling the mikes, it repeated itself, again and again and again. For a network presentation it might have had a sock but New York seeing itself is no thrill to New York. It proved, as has been proven before, that video ties itself up in knots when it tries an off-the-cuff job. The trouble is, as news cameramen have uncovered time and time again, special events shots have to be staged to have impact. A cameraman and an announcer aren't enough on a video remote assignment, a director and producer are essential as well, or else nothing happens.
Studio interviews weren't much better, with the edge going to CBS, which dragged in more interesting presonalities [sic] and used Frances Woodward, the telegenic young lady at WCBW, to throw the questions. Miss Woodward has been good in the past, when she's handed a rehearsed situation. Here she was stiff as a poker. Several times the camera held her after she had finished with the questions, with neither the camera nor Miss Woodward knowing what to do about the matter.
Both networks used motion pix, but at times forced viewers away from their sets, since immediacy was the tune of the day and long pic sessions weren't the answer. NBC had the more trying assignment, keeping going all day long, while CBS simply took over at 8:15 p.m.
(CBS's atomic bomb presentation broadcast during this day is reviewed along with NBC's in another review on this Page).
CBS's news handling with its animated maps and diagrams were its usual plus video stuff. Nothing unfortunately touched the super job they did on the United Nations' Conference some time ago.
NBC, in spite of everything, kept things alive with fluttering flags as the background for news reports, with moom pix and the remote Times Square pickup. Show-wise it may have smelled but it opened vistas of what could have been and will be, when on-the-scene producers are developed.
CBS in its short two hours did okay, too. Final segment, a piece of On a Note of Triumph (reviewed individually on this page) proved what can be done with Corwin visually.
Video didn't lick its problem today. It did, however, lay them bare for all to see. Joe Koehler. (Billboard, Aug. 25)


"On a Note of Triumph"
Reviewed Tuesday (14), 9:30-10 p.m. Style—Documentary. Sustaining over WCBS (CBS), New York.
Unlike the first Corwin video attempt, Untitled, this V-J presentation of a portion of the epic, On a Note of Triumph, used the pic air at its best. Since the words themselves had movement, Ben Finer, who directed, adapted and produced the seg intelligently, didn't try for too much movement in the actual camera job. He simply had the characters, the soldier, the old man, the colored boy, the young girl, the boy and the old lady come to life. He chose his actors for their ability to look the part and their ability to handle the lines. He had them and the camera underplay their roles—but never permitted them to throw away anything that Corwin [photo to right] gave them.
With the noise of the crowds in the street playing on a note of high hilarity. it, without being heavy-handed, played upon a note of the future. It proved that a message can be socked home without chasing viewers away from the kinescope.
Check as swell performers, Brad Townes as the soldier; John McKee as the old man; Gordon Heath as the colored boy; Kim Spalding as the young man; Elizabeth Malone, as the old lady, and Mary Stuart McDonald, as the young girl. Double check Miss McDonald as a girl who can be everything a man expects of a girl, without waving era around (which would have been a negative in this case). She not only knows how to rend lines but can make poetry something to which even the men at the machines will want to listen.
Credit Ben Finer with proving that he knows artistry when he meets with it. Also Paul Belanger for a top drawer assist in working with Ralph Warren and Martin Steinberg on the cameras.
On a Note of Triumph was the right note on which to conclude a day of victory. Joe Koehler. (Billboard, Aug 23)


Two experiments were made possible last week when NBC televisers went to work as special eventers covering the V-J beldam [sic] in Times Sq. on Tuesday night (14). Crews sent out by NBC's television station WNBT worked from the marquee of the Hotel Astor, and station was on the air with the street scenes for a total of 111 minutes—which is a record in itself for this kind of coverage.
One of the experiments was with distance lighting. The NBC crews used mobile equipment for both indoor and outdoor lighting, getting some fine effects thereby.
Another and more unusual departure was having the announcer doing the commentary talk from a spot beside the screen, where he could'' see what was actually being shown. The NBC crews figured correctly that if the announcer worked close to the camera, he would not know exactly what was being televised, especially in the case of closeups.
But seeing where the camera was focused, from his place next to the screen, he was able to describe the scenes more accurately and with split-time synchronization. (Variety, Aug 22)


Wednesday, August 15
WABD Channel 4

8:00 “Ike on Sports.”
8:30 Film.
9:00 Variety
9:30 Motion picture.
10:00-10:30 “Author! Author!” James Powell, guest.

Television setup of ABC (Blue) is going through revamping stages, with programming aspects and personnel alike to be affected for the department's fall activities. Paul Mowrey, tele manager, is looking for experienced men who will design and supervise all programs, hitherto left to the tele station's personnel.
New program series are skedded to bow in over three stations around October: Schenectady's WRGB, DuMont's WABD and Balaban & Katz' WBKB in Chicago. Two program series are set for WABD, for telecasting on Tuesdays and Thursdays, with one series apiece on other stations, days undetermined.
Until now, ABC's tele dept. has provided most of the talent, of course, for their own shows, but have had to do a lot of yessing to station's supervisors who were touchy about dividing responsibilities. New appointments have not been confirmed yet, but it looks like Bob Emery in the executive producership. (Variety, Aug. 15)


Thursday, August 16
WNBT Channel 1

7:00-8:30: Children’s Program. Film: “Call of the Prairie” with William Boyd (Paramount, 1936); also short subjects.
WCBW Channel 2
8:00 News with Tom O’Connor.
8:10 Film and OWI short.
8:30 “The Doctor Looks.”
8:45 Danny Grayson, comedy.
WABD Channel 4
8:00 “Chills and Thrills” with Doug Allan.
8:30 Motion picture.
9:00 “Thanks For Looking” with Patricia Murray and John Reed King.
9:30 Selected films.

A voluntary program and engineering staff consisting of 28 members will operate Station W2XJT, the experimental television station at 148-18 Jamaica Ave., Jamaica, it has been announced by William B. Still, owner.
The 28 men and women have been chosen for their experience and abilities in fields allied to television. The formation of this group marks the first attempt to train people in television technique outside of the staff activities of the nine stations now operating in toe country. (Brooklyn Eagle, Aug. 16)


Friday, August 17
WNBT Channel 1

8:00 “The World in Your Home.”
8:30 Boxing at Madison Square Garden. Tony Janiero vs. Johnny Greco.

Balaban & Katz
Reviewed Friday (17), 7:30 to 8:30 p.m. Style—Variety, news. Sustaining on WBKB, Chicago.
Tonight Professor Backwards, who is being sold by NBC for a possible radio show to the fall, proved that as well as having radio potentiality he also has something for television. Backwards (Kimmy Edmondson) was the featured act on tonight's program, and with his gags and his uncanny ability to spell and pronounce backwards any name given him, he made good video program fare.
Backwards' act has everything required for video—plenty of action, sock lines and a forceful personality—but as long as he is handled the way WBKB handled him tonight, he could not be sold for a commercial video program. Some of the fault of production was due to studio limitations. For example, an audience of only about 10 were in the studio. Small audiences can't be helped because of the size of the WBKB studio, but weakness of response was the result and professor Backwards' gags didn't get the sock reaction they need to give sparkle to the show. Lighting, especially when Professor Backwards was playing the piano, also was bad. So was the camera which had backwards and the audience out of focus at times.
Station didn't do much to liven up the show with good production and background settings. All it had was an ordinary backdrop, a blackboard and the piano. Schoolroom netting or some other type of production assist should have been used.
Rounding out tonight's program were the piano playing of Jenya and a newscast by Don Ward. Cy Wagner. (Billboard, Aug. 25)


Saturday, August 18
WNBT Channel 1

2:25-5:30 Baseball: Giants vs. Pirates at the Polo Grounds.

Sunday, August 19
WNBT Channel 1

8:00 Telenewsreel.
8:10 Feature film.

Monday, August 20
WNBT Channel 1

8:00 Film: “Wings of Democracy.”
8:15 Feature Film: “The Ware Case” with Clive Brook (Ealing, 1938).
9:20 Televues: Stephen Foster.
WCBW Channel 2
8:00 News with Dwight Cooke.
8:10 Film.
8:15-9:30 Amateur Boxing Bouts.

Don Lee
Reviewed Monday (20), 8:30 to 10 p.m. Style—Dramatic, films. Sustaining on W6XAO, Hollywood.
Home viewers found tonight's video-cast over W6XAO entertaining, but heavy on film and light on live action. Only flesh part of show was a 30-minute skit sandwiched in between two films at start, and two at close of the program. Weakness was not too much canned video fare but too little live action which throws show off balance.
Skit called Dream was specially written for tonight's telecast by Mal Boyd, Republic Pictures' radio director. Story treated oldie of out-scooped girl reporter who makes the grade in her dreams by meeting the right people. Idea gives chance to introduce Yvonne King (King Sisters) Jimmy Starr (film columnist) and Al Jarvis (of Make Believe Ballroom disk airer) to tele viewers. They take part in skit as celebs gal meets in her dream. Shirley Mitchell (Alice Darling on Fibber and Molly air show) takes video in her stride as gal scribe.
Skit would prove okay tele fare had there been other flesh acts, but with the whole show hinging on it, Dream falls thru as a sleeper. With the new medium giving actor a chance to work on audience's eyes and ears, heavier drama or something that packs more punch appears more in line with viewers' demands. As it was, dramatic sketch lost pace despite Producer Jack Stewart's efforts.
Harry R. Lubcke, tele director, did smooth video work, with film editor Marjorie Campbell keeping canned fare moving so that no time was lost. Lee Zhito. (Billboard, Sept. 1)


NEW YORK, Aug. 20.—One of the first programs in New York designed to train television program personnel in actual studio operation will get under way shortly at Bill Still's Jamaica. L. I., N. Y., experimental station, W2XJT. A two-and-a-half-month course of training to a group of 25 selected volunteers will first deal with theory and later with regular studio work. Courses are being inaugurated at the station to build its own program staff and to train workers for other jobs.
Lenore Berse, former assistant in Macy's tele department and now program manager of W2XJT, is heading the group, which will put in 10 hours each week to learn production technique. Group, according to Miss Besse, will for the most part train itself. Most of the people taking the course have had previous experience in the field. Ralph Alswang, legit scenic designer, will act as director and Miriam Tulin, drama professor from Yale, will assist him.
After a series of lectures and demonstrations in tele theory, including talks by professional directors and critics, the students will learn the essentials of studio operation, from lights and cameras up. All classes will be held in the evening. (Billboard, Aug. 25)


ULTRA-HIGH frequency television transmitter which Federal Telephone & Radio Corp. is constructing for CBS will be installed in December in observation area of 71st floor of Chrsyler Tower, New York. Peter C. Goldmark, CBS director of engineering research and development, said Friday new transmitter will broadcast high- definition color pictures on 485 mc. Coaxial cable carrying signal will connect transmitter to CBS video labs at 485 Madison Ave., a dozen blocks away, via CBS television studios in Grand Central Terminal across the street from the transmitter. Special antenna developed by CBS will be installed. (Broadcasting, Aug. 20)

HOLLYWOOD, Aug. 20.—Tele trailers plugging Paramount Pictures are being readied by Klaus Landsberg here for videocasting over W6XYZ, Television Productions, Inc.
According to Landsberg, plugs will not be entirely canned but will include p. a.'s of stars and directors and will be along behind-the-scenes line. Trailers will probably be aired within a month, when the next Paramount pic is released.
Paramount's first use of tele to plug its productions was to promote Miracle of Morgan's Creek. Trailer proved so successful then that studio is expected to make regular use of medium for pic plugs. (Billboard, Aug. 25)


NEW YORK, Aug. 20.—NBC's local video station, WNBT, is now mixing its test patterns with a coming attractions pitch. Test patterns are variated with teasers for the evening programs, both silent and sound. (Billboard, Aug. 25)

Tuesday, August 21
WCBW Channel 2

8:00 News with Dwight Cooke.
8:15 Danny Drayson, comedian.
8:30 Films.
9:00-9:30 “The Missus Goes A-Shopping” with John Reed King.

Balaban & Katz
Reviewed Tuesday (21), 7:30 to 8:30 p.m. Style—News, variety. Sustaining on WBKB, Chicago.
As has happened many times before at WBKB, the show originally skedded was not presented because actors and actresses can't be working for nix at WBKB. Because at the last minute members of the cast of X Marks the Spot, begged off so that they could do some paid radio work, X, one of WBKB's best programs, was canceled, and resulting quick substitution was a hodgepodge unworthy of even one quick glance by the video audience.
Substitutions for X Marks the Spot, were an impressionistic dance by Lee Lindsay who tried to depict the thoughts and emotions of a sailor on leave, and a so-called comedy sketch by Pat Buttram, net radio comedian, titled How To Tell a Joke. Both, because last-minute skedding gave them little time for preparation, were plenty poor. It's unfortunate that a name comedian like Buttram has to jeopardize his reputation with a television program that never should have been scanned.
Also on the program, and equally as bad, were a newscast by Joe Wilson, and Lee Phillips's Magical Mysteries. The entire show, primarily because of necessity for last-minute preparations, was sans unusual video production techniques. Cy Wagner. (Billboard, Sept. 1)


Wednesday, August 22
WABD Channel 4

8:00 Motion picture.
8:30 “The Magic Carpet.”
8:45 Motion picture.
9:00 “At Ease,” variety program.
9:30 Motion picture.
10:00 “Author! Author!”

Thursday, August 23
WNBT Channel 1

7:00-8:30: Children’s Program. Films: Teletruth, Quiz and Feature Picture.
WCBW Channel 2
8:00 News with Tom O’Connor.
8:10 Film.
8:30 “Experiment in the Desert: Atomic Bomb” with Dr. Gerald Wendt.
8:45 Danny Grayson, comedy.
WABD Channel 4
8:00 Drama: “Talk About Murder.”
8:30 Motion picture.
9:00 “Thanks For Looking” with Patricia Murray and John Reed King.
9:30 Selected films.
CBS
Reviewed Thursday (23), 8-9 p.m. Style—News, film, drama, interview. Sustaining over WCBW, New York.
The drama implicit in the atomic bomb makes the subject a natural for any medium. It is fairly safe to predict that the next six months will bring the public enough packaged fact and fantasy about the atom to kill it as dead as The Hut-Sut Song. First such drama outside radio was Columbia television's Experiment in the Desert, a re-enactment of the events leading up to the first atomic explosion in New Mexico two months ago. Experiment in the Desert had a subject that was packed with drama. It could have had the tension of The Petri-field Forest and the appeal to the imagination of the atomic bomb. Unfortunately bad acting and spotty writing made it a run-of-the-mine production, interesting but hardly gripping. Show moved at a pedestrian pace, never, despite obvious tricks, building real tension or a satisfactory climax.
Writer-Director Paul Belanger [CBS photo, right] and his co-author, Edward Stasheff, tried by means of nervous flare-ups among the principal characters, the old device of having the time tolled off by a mike–filtered voice and the ticking of a clock to indicate what must have happened in New Mexico that night. It didn't work.
One way of achieving the effect would have been to use the old Eisenstein trick, the one where the viewer is given rapid-fire flashes of the tense faces of the characters. Another way might have been to focus on a clock in silence in the closing seconds. And that leads to another basic fault. Best impact is always achieved by never giving everything, by leaving the audience wanting more. Whole thing would have had a greater impact if there had been no attempt to show the explosion, particularly since the special effects repertoire of television isn't equal to the average tenement fire, much less the most destructive explosion in man's history. Experiment in the Desert should have ended one-tenth of a second before it's [sic] H hour.
Of course, it would be impossible to see a Columbia show without being forced to look at one of those interviews. It would be pleasant if CBS directors would learn that a chat between some learned character and an interviewer contributes little and detracts a great deal from their programs. Thursday's interview, between commentator Dwight Cooke and Dr. Gerald Wendt, science advisor to Time, Life and Fortune, had the added irritation of spoiling what might have been a gripping, clever opening. Following the station break, the camera scanned a painting of the bomb, suspended from a steel tower against a brooding, portentous background of sky and desert. Music that accompanied it set the stage for a fanfare and a lap dissolved title card. Instead the announcer's voice came in and introduced Cooke and Wendt. What a letdown.
Technically, Belanger and cameramen Howard Hayes and Al Kleban did a good if hardly spectacular job on the play. The interview was another matter. Bad lighting threw Cooke into a shadow every time he sat back and still photos and diagrams were televised in the wrong order. If a spot had been thrown on Cooke from his right the lighting would have improved. A little more attention to detail would have cured the other fault. Better still, throw out the damn interview.
News and one of those films filled out the rest of the hour. Marty Schrader. (Billboard, Sept. 1)


"EXPERIMENT IN THE DESERT"
With Mitchell, John McKee, Richard Bowler, William Hollenbeck, Geo. Randall, Albert Bergh, John Day, John Graham, Henry Barnard, Bart Doyle, Ted Field, Lee Wallace, Allan Chester, Leo Haas, Lester Lonergan, Jr., Dwight Cooke
Writers: Paul Bellinger, Edward Stasheff
Directors: Lucille Hudiberg, Paul Belanger
Producer: Gilbert Seldes
30 Mins.; Thurs., 8:30 p.m.
Sustaining
WCBW-CBS, N. Y.
The experimenting staff of WCBW did a pretty good job of "re-creating the feelings and moods" of the historical moments prior to and including the successful denouement of the invention 120 miles southeast of Albuquerque, New Mexico, after considering the facts that television's current productional facilities still leave producers and writers a little frustrated, and that the War Dept. prevented them from going into any important amount of detail concerning the comprisal of the atomic bomb. The bomb went off without a hitch here on July 16, and the tense reactions of those present, as the minutes melted into seconds, were quite interesting to behold under the scripting of Paul Belanger and Edward Stasheff.
Granted, the writers really did nothing more than play on the time element, using a technique much older than the television medium; everybody knew what was going to happen—despite all this, program was laden with suspense. Largely due, of course, to the stunning reality of the atomic bomb itself.
Action of the play took place, for the most part, inside the scientists' observation post. While the camera angles gave the impression of generous space, several of the actors gave just the opposite impression. Directors Belanger and Lucille Hudiberg provided some of the performers with the business of taking off and putting on their coats, which was not only superfluous but detracted from other performers engaged in dialog of a serious nature. Generally speaking, performances were adequate. Outstanding job was the casting. Many of the actors closely resembled the personalities they were depicting.
Opening and closing portions of the program were devoted to discussions, in layman language, of the bomb's future potentialities. Photograph stills were projected to amplify explanations. (Variety, Aug. 29)


Friday, August 24
WNBT Channel 1

8:00 “The World in Your Home.”
8:21 Short subjects.
8:30 Boxing at Madison Square Garden.
10:00 Feature Bout: Freddie Cochrane vs. Rocky Graziano.

Television Productions, Inc.
Reviewed Friday (24), 8:30-9:30 p.m. Style—News, interview, comics, wrestling. Sustaining on W6XYZ, Hollywood.
Viewers who got a look-see at tonight's W6XYZ telecast eyed a fast- moving program that was tops in news and good as entertainment, with the video at an unusually high level. Feature spot went to an interview with a local U. S. Employment Service official treating post-war reconversion. With war's end bringing plant cutbacks and unemployment, topic was timely and of interest to all. Graph was worked out to illustrate interview, which helped get the point across and showed tele's possibilities in handling like subjects. Vertical columns in graph consisted of wooden blocks, each one proportionately cut to represent different groups of workers in local industries. Blocks were painted black, white, striped, etc., so that separate units showed up clearly. Block columns were set against a graduated chart.
As interview proceeded, blocks were moved around from one column to another showing how workers can shift from war production to peacetime industries. Gimmick kept interest alive by giving visual impact to otherwise dry statistics. Dick Lane's informal manner in carrying on interview kept the question-answer routine moving.
Paramount News (slides) was up-to-date, showing inside Japan as the G.I.’s will find it. Also treated De Gaulle's visit to the U. S. Keith Heatherington did the voicing. Telecomics (NEA strips) moved along at a good pace, with narration and dramatization of balloons showing steady improvement. Kinks have been ironed out, so that music and voice cues in with movement of strips.
Grunt-groan fans found tonight's wrestling matches bang-up entertainment. Matches were Lou Newman vs. Baron von Dackenhausen, and Rube Wright vs. Wee Willie Davis. Good camera work and smooth video on the part of Klaus Landsberg kept viewers on edge thruout the wrestle scanning. Lee Zhito. (Billboard, Sept. 8)


Saturday, August 25
WNBT Channel 1

2:25-5:30 Baseball: Yankees vs. Senators at Yankee Stadium.

Sunday, August 26
WNBT Channel 1

8:00 Telenewsreel.
8:10 Feature presentation: “Comedians,” a musical play based on “Pagliacci.”
Comedians
Reviewed Sunday (26), 8:15 to 8:55 p.m. Style—Opera. Sustaining over WNBT (NBC), New York.
The metopera's Herb Graf presented a wedding of Italian opera, English dialog and mugging in a so-called modernized version of Pagliacci which didn't come off. Before putting the performance on the operating table it might be just as well to give credit where credit is due. The camera handling was superb. (NBC does not give out the names of the men behind the cameras so they can't be given a name bow here.) The cueing from the Victor disks (ordinary commercial disks were used for the singing voices and the ork) was, considering the problem, slightly out of this world. The lighting wasn't as good as it might have been, but it won't be for awhile. It's still a number one problem technically. Of course, if the new mosaic, which is supposed to permit scanning by the light of a match, were available, then lights would cease to be a problem. (That puts an administrative problem up to NBC, whether to wait for the new mosaic in cameras or put in more intense light sources now.)
Back to the wedding. The idea of wedding Italian opera (the singing) to an English script is slightly screwy. First it made the crowd noisy in English and then in Italian . . . the same crowd, too. Then it put an almost unbeatable acting problem on the cast . . . synchronizing facial movements with recorded words. At times they were all out of sync but no one could have kept it up for the entire production. The English script was corny, some of the dialog being out of the Poor Nell school. Unfortunately it came over that way. More than likely the reason for using actors and recorded music can be traced to the AFM-Petrillo ban on music in television. It, this device of wedding foreign singing to an English script, gets by the ban, but why do it at all. Television can do without opera a few more months.
Settings as usual were well done by Robert Wade, with N. Ray Kelly riding herd on the job. Nell (Columbine) was as dainty as a truck horse pulling a heavy load. It is okay to use a heavy handed fern in a part like this when she has to sing, but when she only has to act . . . ouch. The rest of the cast can be spared the aches of reading of their impossible performances here.
If this had been done at WABD or even at WRGB, where amateurs are frequently employed for video jobs, this could have been excused. NBC should have continued doing experiments on closed circuits. Joe Koehler. (Billboard, Sept. 1)


"COMEDIANS"
With William Horne, Marjorie Hess, Val Patacchi, Lyle Boettger, others
Producer-Adapter: Dr. Herbert Graf
40 Mins., Sun. (26), 8:15 p. m.
Sustaining
WNBT-NBC, N. Y.
Billed as grand opera, modernized and presented in English, Dr. Herbert Graf's television version of "Pagliacci" failed in an uphill trek to overcome handicap of no live music imposed by James C. Petrillo on tele. However, for those who like Leoncavallo's opera, the music was brought to them via television in an up-to-date form.
Recordings of Beniamino Gigli and other w.k. La Scala operatic stars were synchronized with the acting as a gimmick to get around Petrillo's ban. In order to present the show so that music lovers could get something out of it, Graf could not have arias translated into English as he usually does. Result was about 10 minutes of modern dialog, with rest of show in Italian. Graf feels that non-singers cannot give out with proper operatic impressionism, hence his use of singers, although their own voices are not actually heard. This fact boded ill for the more modern aspects of the play-with-in-a-play, since opera singers tend towards overacting with accent on hand wringing.
"Comedians," first of the post-summer-hiatus live NBC tele shows, follows a list of other famous operas which Graf has adapted into English for presentation over WNBT. Further development may yet be necessary before these efforts at modernizing opera will catch on, but as a rung in the pioneer's ladder, "Comedians" is a worthy effort. (Billboard, Aug. 29)


Monday, August 27
WNBT Channel 1

8:00 Film: “Wings of Democracy.”
8:15 Feature Film: “Orders From Tokyo” with Danielle Darrieux (French, 1938).
9:20 Televues: Underwater Champions.
WCBW Channel 2
8:00 News with Dwight Cooke.
8:10 Film.
8:15-9:30 Amateur Boxing Bouts.

NEW YORK, Aug. 27.—First showing of home video sets in this area (delivery in 90 days) was pulled off last Thursday (23), with plenty fanfare and crowds of more than 2,000 people, by Hearn's Department Store, down 14th Street way. Set made by indie org, View-Tone, was nothing to write home about. It had a direct viewing tube 4 1/2 inches; set in a table model cabinet of about two feet high and was priced at $100. Pic wasn't bad when the size of the tube was considered and pitch of manufacturers was that set was for the small home and not intended for an auditorium showing.
Remarkable about the pitch was the fact that hundreds of viewers came down with $100 in their jeans ready and willing to pay for the set in cash then and there—altho no orders were taken. (Billboard, Sept. 1). ...


Tuesday, August 28
WCBW Channel 2

8:00 News with Dwight Cooke.
8:15 Bert Easley (The Tipsy Trickster), comedian.
8:30 Films.
9:00-9:30 “The Missus Goes A-Shopping” with John Reed King.

The Chicago public school system will use television as an integral part of its education program for the first time this fall. Starting about Sept. 17, the radio council of the board of education, in cooperation with television station WBKB, will present weekly telecasts. If the experimental programs prove successful the project will be expanded, George Jennings, director, said yesterday.
The first programs will be picked up on specially developed television receivers to be installed in the Goudy Elementary school and in one other school, yet to be selected.
A different subject will be covered each week. Experts in nature study, aviation, commercial art, wood working, home economics, zoology and botany will be heard and seen illustrating their subjects. (Chicago Tribune, Aug 28)


Washington.—With the announcement over the weekend that television and FM channels had been assigned, two motion picture companies, Paramount and 20th-Fox, moved in to file applications with the FCC for commercial television licenses.
Paramount, through a subsidiary company (New England Theatres, Inc., of Boston) asked for operation on channel 4, with the station located in Boston. The application for 20th-Fox was filed by the Fox West Coast Theatres and seeks to operate in Hollywood on channel 5 or any other channel between 48 and 100 MC. (Hollywood Reporter, Aug. 28).


Wednesday, August 29
WABD Channel 4

8:00 “Ike on Sports” with Tom and Bill Slater.
8:30 Motion picture.
9:00 “At Ease,” variety show.
9:30 Motion picture.
10:00 “Author! Author!”

Thursday, August 30
WNBT Channel 1

7:00-8:30: Children’s Program. Films: Teletruth, Quiz and Feature Picture.
WCBW Channel 2
8:00 News with Tom O’Connor.
8:10 Film.
8:30 “There Ought to Be a Law,” high school student discussion.
WABD Channel 4
8:00 “Thrills and Chills” with Doug Allan.
8:30 Motion picture.
9:00 “Thanks For Looking” with Patricia Murray and John Reed King.
9:30 Selected films.

Friday, August 31
WNBT Channel 1

8:00 “The World in Your Home.”
8:21 Short subjects.
8:30 Boxing at Madison Square Garden.
10:00 Feature Bout: Artie Levine vs. Sunny Horn.

Balaban & Katz
Reviewed Friday (31), 7:30 to 8:15 p.m. Style—News, variety. Sustaining on WBKB, Chicago.
The program was not elaborate nor expensive to produce, but still it comprised well-balanced entertainment of sufficient variety and content to make any video set owner believe he spent his money wisely when he plunked down dough for his receiver.
One of the easiest portions of the program to produce was the puppet act presented by Fernando and Fair. All the station production staff had to do was bring a couple of cameras up close to the puppet stage, and from there on in there was nothing to worry about. Act consisted of routines Fernando and Fair have presented at night spots here, such as the Blackhawk Restaurant.
There was the usual puppet dance team, with piano accompaniment by another puppet who was handled so well he actually played music on a miniature piano, a drunken sailor's routine and sailors dancing. If it were not for the fact that the gals on the camera caught the hands of Fernando and Fair, the entire act would have been tops. But even with its mistakes, it again illustrated beyond doubt that puppet work should have a great future in video and that Fernando and Fair can be one of the leaders in the field.
Inexpensive, simple production with plenty of entertainment was also the keynote of an impressionistic dance, In a Persian Market, done excellently by Loretto Pagels. Miss Pagels, who knows from experience that the routine most likely to find a set spot in television until there is plenty of commercial return in the medium, is the simple and the inexpensive, worked out with the production and art staffs at the station, a dance requiring only one backdrop and few camera changes. Altho Miss Pagels carried much of the weight of this portion of the program with her dancing, no small credit should go to Marilyn Rosenberg and Rae Stewart who designed and painted the setting.
If this reviewer hadn't known in advance that the set consisted of nothing but a couple of side pillars and a scene painted on brown wrapping paper, he would have sworn that expensive wood props were especially constructed for the dance. By expert shading and use of contrasting paint colors, gals were able to have their wrapping paper background look like three-dimensional wood and metal fences, sidewalk and building props.
For additional variety tonight there was the singing of Vicki Mills and a news commentary by Gil Hix. Miss Mills has a good voice and does her best to put over her songs with gestures, but she should learn to confine her actions to a small space so that the camera handlers won't have the trouble following her that they did tonight.
Hix's news work consisted of an informative, penetrating discussion of the Japanese, the last of four on this subject WBKB has presented this week. As usual Hix proved he is better than the rest of the commentators used by WBKB. The other newsmen featured on this Japan series, which was written by Gladys Lundberg, merely read their scripts. Hix, however, expended a little more effort, that little bit that often is responsible for the difference between the good and the average, memorized his script and presented it in such a way it seemed as if he were delivering an ad-lib commentary. Cy Wagner. (Billboard, Sept. 8)


New York.—RKO Television Corp. will discontinue live-talent program production, it was confirmed yesterday. As a result, Thomas H. Hutchinson, director of production and ve[t]eran producer of live shows, is leaving the film company’s video subsidiary.
Whether or not the television outfit is absorbed by the parent company, video activities will center on production of commercial film shorts, which are understood to be suitable for both industrial and video use. (Hollywood Reporter, Aug. 31)

Saturday, 9 July 2022

TV Returns to New York

1931 was an exciting year for television, at least in the area around New York City. The C. Francis Jenkins station, W2XCR, moved from Jersey City to 655 Fifth Avenue in New York. CBS opened W2XAB at 485 Madison Avenue. And the De Forest Radio Company station, W2XCD, in Passaic, New Jersey went to daily (except Sunday) programming. It would be New York’s first TV since a short attempt in 1928.

We don’t mean shadow action or static pictures or a stuffed dog revolving on a turntable like other stations. We mean actual shows though, granted, old films took up some of the air time.

The De Forest people also knew the value of publicity as it sent out its weekly programme schedule to the newspapers. The New York Herald Tribune printed it, starting March 8th. The New York Sun went even better, giving plenty of space to television in its Sunday radio section.

And it was all over, just like that. By July, the De Forest station was only airing films; the Jenkins station concentrated on programming. By 1933, TV was in a hiatus on the U.S. East Coast. Mechanical, whirring-disc television was scrapped and tests were made to perfect electronic TV. Television emerged again in 1939 when NBC’s W2XBS began programming during the New York World’s Fair.

This post is a reference guide to the first few months of regular TV programming in 1931, a pretty arcane subject. But it’s one that should be encapsulated somewhere.

First, from the Herald Tribune of February 24th:

Technical advances and a steadily increasing audience has led the De Forest Radio Company to put its television broadcasts on a definite daily schedule, which began yesterday from the De Forest station, W2XCD, at Passaic, N.J.
In a recent study of television progress the company found that its programs could be received on more than 10,000 television instruments in states from the Atlantic to the Rockies. Heretofore the De Forest programs have been seen and heard frequently, for long periods almost daily, but not until now has the broadcasting been made for a feature for each week day.
The programs are sent out three times daily, with the most interesting subjects reserved for a ninety-minute broadcast beginning each night at 9 o’clock. A third of the evening broadcast is reserved for direct pickup subjects and for the remaining hour motion picture films are used, the visual portion coming through on W2XCD, operating on 2,050 kilocycles, while the sound accompaniment is sent out through the regular De Forest radio station, W2XCR, on a wave length of 187 meters.
Last night’s program opened with a talk on George Washington by Charles Rachjen, whose departure from the scanning disk made way for a Biblical drama, “The Unwelcome Guest,” at which the Saviour was not accorded the same honors as other guests at the feast at Simon’s house. To keep the mood after the ancient story ended, M. Forkus brought on his violin for another fifteen minutes.
The rest of the programme was spirited. A view of mountain climbers in the Canadian Rockies was followed by a pictorial demonstration of “Progress in the Navy” and, possibly to placate listeners with pacifist tendencies, the broadcast came to a close with a comedy, “Just For Fun,” which the De Forest program writer described as concerning “a boy who plays war ‘just for fun’ and finds the consequences not at all funny. A television addition to the great mass of modern literature proving war not to be glorious.”
Other “direct pick-up subjects” for this weeks’ programs will include the De Forest Little Symphony Orchestra and a mandolin concert for tonight, a boxing match and a piano concert tomorrow night, tenor solos and a television lesson on Thursday, and a studio party on Saturday.
The motion picture presentations during the week will take television enthusiasts around the world in an armchair. Tonight a picture of life in a desert will yield to another Navy film, and the program will conclude with a camera record of hunting grizzly bears in Alaska. During the rest of the week hunting and adventure pictures will alternate with films concerning Theodore Roosevelt and Benjamin Franklin, Saturday’s program coming to a smash close when sight and sound combine to give listeners an exciting fifteen minutes in the cab of a Twentieth Century Limited locomotive on its way to Albany.


The Sun of February 28, 1931 reported on the following week:

W2XCD, the experimental television station of the Deforest Radio Company in Passaic, N. J., will continue next week its daily schedule of television broadcasts. Programs will be given each evening for an hour and a half, beginning at 9 o'clock. One hour is devoted to "talkies" and a half hour to direct pickup of "artists in the flesh." The pictures will be broadcast over W2XCD on 2035 kilocycles (147 meters) using a 48-line scanner, with sound accompaniment on 1604 kilocycles (187 meters) transmitted over W2CXR. The sound alone will be available to all owners of short wave sets. Travel and educational films will predominate in this week's program with the additional feature of a direct pickup of a studio party on Saturday night. Radio Pictures, Inc., through its experimental television station W2XR in Long Island City, will broadcast motion pictures daily except Sundays and holidays from 4 to 10 P. M., on 2010 kilocycles, and in addition from 5 to 7 P. M. on 2150 kilocycles. The usual 48 lines, 15 frames per second at 900 r. p. m. will be employed.

W2XCD’s programmes are to the right. The films likely came from educational/industrial catalogues. Horseless Farm is from 1922, So This is Eden was produced by Caravel in 1921 and is about the merits of Hoover vacuum cleaners.Tigers of the North may go back to 1919.

Here are some short summaries from the pages of the Sun of TV programming for the following week. The listings are at the bottom of the post.

March 7, 1931
Regular broadcasts of television are now being transmitted through W2XCD, Passaic station of the De Forest Radio Company. The programs, which consist of actual pick-ups from the studio interspersed with talkie film subjects, are arranged each day, excepting Sunday from 9 to 10:30 P. M.
The transmission system of this station utilizes a 48-line scanner for the images working on a frequency of 2035 k. c. (147 meters). Sound is sent out on 1604 k. c. (187 meters).
W1XAV, in Brookline, Mass., operating on 2870 kilocycles, is on the air daily except Sundays and holidays from 12 to 1 P. M. and from 7:30 to 10:30 P. M. Forty-eight lines per frame are employed.
W2XBS of the National Broadcasting Company in New York city operates on 2150 kilocycles. Scanning is done at 20 frames per second at 60 lines per frame. Hours of operation are from 2 to 5 P. M. and 7 to 10 P. M. daily except Sundays and holidays.
W2XR, Radio Pictures' experimental television station in Long Island City, broadcasts motion pictures daily except Sundays and holidays from 4 to 10 P. M. on 2,920 kilo-cycles, and in addition from 5 to 7 P. M. on 2,150 kilocycles. The transmitter is synchronized with the public lighting service in Manhattan, Brooklyn, the Bronx, Westchester (as for north as Peekskill), Queens and Nassau counties. The usual 48 lines, 15 frames a second at 900 r. p. m. are employed. Its associated sound station, W2XAR, operates on 1,604 kilocycles from 8 to 9 P. M., and at irregular intervals between 5 and 8 P. M. on Thursdays.
W3XAD, the RCA-Victor experimental television station at Camden, N. J., operates on a frequency of 2,150 kilocycles. The scanning method utilizes 60 lines a frame, but subject to change. Visual broadcasting schedule is irregular.
W3XAK, the experimental television station of the National Broadcasting System at Bound Brook, N. J., operates on a frequency of 2,100 to 2,200 kilocycles with 60 lines a frame. Its visual schedule also is irregular.
W8XAV, the Westinghouse experimental television station at East Pittsburgh, Pa., operates also on a frequency of 2,100 to 2,200 kilocycles with 60 lines a frame at 20 frames a second. Its visual broadcast has no set period.
W3XR, the Jenkins television station at Wheaton, Md., is on the air daily except Saturdays, Sundays and holidays from 7 to 9 P. M. on 2,065 kilocycles, using 48 lines or 15 frames a second at 900 r. p. m.
W9XAO, in Chicago, operates its television station on 2,050 kilocycles daily except Sundays from 1:45 to 2 P. M ., 4:30 to 5 P. M. and from 7:30 to a 8 P. M. Forty-five lines a frame are employed. Its associated sound new station is WIBO on 560 kilocycles.


One problem for the several hundred people with TV sets in the New York City area was that some stations scanned at 48 lines, others at 60. Unless you had two wheels, one for each type of scan, you couldn’t get every station.
This week marked the beginning of Alice Remsen’s singing career on TV. Remsen was a widow—she and her husband Arthur were in vaudeville—who worked as a librarian but her contralto voice was heard on the NBC network. She later recorded children’s songs for Bluebird records and started her own record label in 1956. She was born in England in 1886 and died in 1974.
More short films dot the schedule. “David Goes to Baffin Land” was made from a 1927 book by George Palmer Putnam. “Poisoned Daggers” shows the diseases caused by the mosquito, as well as deserted picnic grounds and malaria-infested towns. “Great Caesar's Ghost” is about Venice and Milan, and has animated sequences. “From Swamps to Workshop” is the week-by-week story of the building of Western Electric's cable and switchboard manufacturing works at Kearney, N.J. And “The Doings of Turp and Tine” is an animated comedy showing production of gum and Hercules steam-distilled wood turpentine, presented by Hercules Powder Company, Wilmington, Delaware. And a brief story in the April 1931 edition of The Educational Screen reports “People Who Live By The Sea,” “American Ideals,” “Thomas Jefferson” and “The Journalist” were DeVry School films.

March 14, 1931
No Sun story. A couple of cartoons of note involving cats. “Puss in Boots” and “Felix the Cat Scoots through Scotland” were both released in 1926. There’s a rare spot newscast with “Willie Zae Jackson.” His middle name was “Zay” and he was an interviewer on a number of radio stations around New York in the early ‘30s. “Climbing Mt. Ben Nevis” stars a Model A Ford enacting the film title. And “Scout's Letter Home” is about fun in a Scouts’ winter camp and lessons on how they take care of their shoes, produced by William J. Ganz Co. in New York.

March 21, 1931
No Sun story again. W2XCD began this week to take a feature film and cut it into parts as a makeshift serial. The film this week was “Pinocchio,” which I assume was the 1911 version made overseas. The interestingly named “Greece Through a Doughnut” features scenes in Athens and ruins along with comedy sequences of a sailor paying his way with doughnuts. I can find nothing about the intriguing “Pa and Ma go to a Palmist.” Felix the Cat Scoots through Scotland” is from 1926.

April 4, 1931
When W2XCR, the new television station, goes on the air with its first television program a number of department stores in this city will have sets on display in order that the general public may get their first glimpse of television. Among some of the stores contemplating such demonstrations are R. H. Macy & Co., John Wanamaker, Bloomngdale’s and Abraham & Strauss in Brooklyn.


The Sun has no TV summary. James Kirkwood and Edna Murphy were the leads in “The Police Patrol,” a Lumas release in 1925, while “Paths in Palestine” was a one-reeler offered by the Navy Recruiting Bureau in sound or silent version, showing aspects of the Holy Land which figured in Christ's life. “Felix Laughs It Off” is a 1926 cartoon where he gets worried, turns thin, then gets hit by a book entitled “Laugh and Grow Fat.”

April 11, 1931
Already the response of the television audience is being considered in the selection of artists who are scheduled to appear at the studio of W2XCD in Passaic. Individuals whose offerings have appealed to the listeners return this week at the request of the station's program executives. In addition, the quality of programs should be improved through the use of a new camera which, will permit of greater flexibility in pick-up. It has just been installed and will permit the televising of several people, the following of a performer about the stage and the televising of simple playlets, which are now being prepared.
The film portion of the week's program will include a serial, several comics and an animated cartoon.
A Technical Offering.
Monday evening Albert E. Sonn will open the week at W2XCD with “Answers to Radio Questions” The other direct pick-up feature will be announced later. Movie fans among the audience will be taken from the studio to the far Sierra Nevada Mountains, where a boy, lost in the mountains, is saved by a dog that has been raised among wolves. For those who have not by now guessed the week's serial it is Jack London’s famous “Call of theWild.” "In the Wake of the Buccaneers,” the other film for the evening, takes us to the West Indies.
Tuesday evening Everett Walker will speak on "The History of Television." A continuation of the serial will be followed by some musical selections and the short comedy “Sixty Minutes From Broadway."
Patterson Returns as Singer.
Wednesday evening's television program will open with John Patterson, tenor, who has been seen but briefly before in this medium. Several weeks ago he accompanied Miss Suzanne Kenyon and took a bow for his fine work at the piano. This evening he comes in the role to which he is better known, a singer. Besides the continuation of the serial, "Old Mother Hubbard," the famous collection of nursery rhymes, will be shown in pictoral form.
Leaving for the first time her usual place in the week's television program, Miss Alice Remsen will forsake her Saturday engagement and appear before W2XCD fans on Thursday evening instead. In addition "Call of the Wild" will be continued. Moreover, a film editorial by Bruce Barton, "Unhappy Husbands," will be televised. It gives a few comic reasons why some happy homes last in the Domestic Relations Courts, interwoven with a sound underlying message for men and women.
The Irvines Appear.
On Friday evening Harry Irvine, who first graced the television camera more than a month ago, will be back. His talk on the drama, television's possible future place therein and his short, decisive character sketches are well remembered. This week he will be seen and heard in a combination dramatic recital ac companied by music, an exceedingly novel and entertaining form of presentation.
Earlier in the evening Mrs. Irvine, English actress and teacher of dramatic, will be seen and heard in a group of character sketches, chiefly comic. "Call of the Wild" will come to a close and the program concludes with the historical patriotic film, "Hats Off."


“Call of the Wild” could be a 1921 release of the Pacific Film Company instead of the 1923 Hal Roach production “The Call of the Wild.” “Sixty Minutes From Broadway” was a 1927 novelty from Castle Films featuring alligator farms and orange groves around Los Angeles and Pasadena. “Unhappy Husbands” was a 1923 short released by Second National Pictures, while “Felix Minds the Kids” is from October 1922.

April 18, 1931
On Monday evening Charles Rathjen will speak on "The High Spots of Life" and Charles Huffman of the DeForest engineering staff will deliver the seventh of his series of lectures on "Fundamentals of Television," which were interrupted several weeks ago. The first episode of the film serial, "The Early Bird," will be shown, having to do with Johnny's rise from milkman with an early morning route, through many vicissitudes to a happy ending. The program ends with an exciting film on life saving featuring Capt. Raynor of the United States Life Saving Corps.
Tuesday's guest artist on W2XCD will be Miss Florence Powell, pianist, who will be seen and heard in two groups of piano selections, both popular and classical. The serial film will be continued, to which will be added "The Hunting Ground of Hiawatha." This picture follows Longfellow's immortal epic, the sub-titles consisting of excerpts from the poem. The televising of the film will be accompanied by the reading of "Hiawatha.”
On Wednesday W2XCD will welcome for the first time the appearance of Miss Anne Ver Planck. Miss Ver Planck will sing some of the best known roles in various Gilbert and Sullivan operas, attired In fit-ting costume for each. Among the characters she will perform are Ruth from "Pirates of Penzance," Katisha from "Mikado," Buttercup, featuring the ever popular "Poor Little Buttercup," from "Pinafore" and Mad Margaret from the infrequently heard "Ruddigore." Between numbers, while changing costume, the audience will hear a cello obbligato. In addition to the serial, the film portion of the program will consist of the juvenile picture "My Barefoot Boy."
Thursday, April 23, will be celebrated the world over as the birthday of the Bard of Avon, William Shakespeare. W2XCD will inaugurate a Shakespearian television pro-gram. Several of the better known scenes from his plays will be enacted, selections read and Shakespearian songs sung. The film will consist of "The Early Bird" and "Shanghai Jesters," showing Blue-jackets in the Far East.
On Friday the television audience of W2XCD will hear Allen B. Du Mont, chief engineer of the DeForest Radio Company, speak on the new muli-mu vacuum tube. Later in the evening some musical selections will be given, while "The Early Bird" will be continued, followed by the film, "At the Race Track."


“The Early Bird” was a 1924 Warners release. One of the actors was Bradley Barker, later well-known in New York radio for animal imitations. “Shanghai Jesters” was a 1929 Paramount picture starring some vaudeville teams. “Felix Brings Home the Bacon” is from November 1924.

Meanwhile, on April 18, CBS announced it would open station W2XAB about June 1st at 485 Madison Avenue, and The Billboard reported it planned to operate on 2,150 Kcs. daily except Sundays and holidays between 2 and 5 p.m. and 7 and 10 p.m. The station didn’t begin testing until June 30th and finally held its gala debut broadcast on July 21st.

April 25, 1931
Station W2XCD of Passaic will devote the week to a varied program of films and direct pick-up subjects, featuring local talent. Residents of Passaic and neighboring communities have been seen and heard over W2XCD before. This week they monopolize the direct pick-up programs to the exclusion of all others except Alice Remsen, who maintains her weekly place on Saturday evening's television bill of fare.
On Monday evening Ralph Kirbery of Paterson will be the guest artist. Mr. Kirbery is a barytone, and although this will be his television debut, he has been heard over several radio stations. He will be heard in two groups of songs. The weekly film serial is "Alice Through the Looking Glass," from Lewis Carroll's classic fantasy. In addition, "French Girl Athletes" will be televised, depicting Suzanne Lenglen and the French field day at Pershing Stadium in Paris.
Program by Garfield.
Tuesday's direct pick-up from W2XCD will consist of the Garfield program for National Boys’ Week celebration. As part of the local celebration of Garfield, adjacent to Passaic, the boys of the community will provide a varied musical program, including selections on violin, banjo, clarinet, accordion, harmonica, trumpet, guitar and ukulele. In addition, tap dancing and singing will round out the representation from Garfield. "Alice" will be continued. The one-reel comedy, "Play Ball," will also be televised.
On Wednesday evening W2XCD will welcome for the first time Mr. and Mrs. George W. Grant of Passaic. The direct pick-up feature for the evening resolves itself into a family affair, with Mrs. Grant singing to the accompaniment of her husband at the piano. Besides the serial, the film offering will consist of "Mozart's Last Requiem," filmed abroad.


“Alice Through the Looking Glass” was released by Pathe in February 1928. “Reuben’s Excursion” featured the experiences of a country man during a day in Atlantic City. “Felix Rests in Peace” was released in February 1925. “The Balloonist” is likely Buster Keaton’s “The Balloonatic”, released by First National in 1923.

W2XCR, the Jenkins Television Company station, signed on during the evening of April 26, 1927. The three-hour special show marked the beginning of the end for W2XCD as Jenkins and the De Forest Radio Company were under the same corporate umbrella. The Herald Tribune reported:

As features of the first regularly scheduled entertainment program to come from a New York City television station, Broadway celebrities co-operated last night to give the 350 owners of television sets in the metropolitan area the opportunity of hearing and seeing them in their current roles. W2XCR, of the Jenkins Television Corporation, and WGBS, of the General Broadcasting System, presented the program from 655 Fifth Avenue, where the studios, transmitters and masts are located.
At Aeolian Hall, Fifth Avenue and Fifty-fourth Street, a small group of invited guests, newspaper men and officials saw and heard the program, which was directed by Mortimer Stewart, program director of the combined stations.
The program will continue to be sent from 3 to 4 every afternoon, when pictures alone will come from W2XCR, from 4 to 5, when WGBS will operate alone, and from 6 to 8, when the two stations will collaborate on sight and sound programs.
Among the stars who assisted at last night’s demonstration were Sir Guy Standing and Edith Barrett of “Mrs. Moonlight;” Sylvia Field, Gladys Hanson and Louis Calhern of “Give Me Yesterday;” Richard B. Harrison and Tutt Whitney of “The Green Pastures;” Jacob Ben Ami and the Civic Repertory Theater, and Ludwiz Satz of the Yiddish Art Theater.
Vocal artists present were Maurice Chevalier and Harry Richman. Others were Helen Morgan, Dorothy Dell, Queenie Smith and Harland Dixon, and Patricia Bowman. “Felix the Clown,” from the circus; Peggy Hopkins Joyce, Primo Carnera, Dr. Harry Elmer Barnes, Roark Bradford and Marc Connelly, Moss Hart and Arthur (“Bugs”) Baer were also on the program.
The officials who spoke included D.E. Replogle, vice-president of the Jenkins Television Corporation, William J. Barkley, vice-president of the DeForest Radio Company, an affiliated organization; Allen B. DuMont, chief engineer of the Jenkins and DeForest companies, and Dailey Paskman, president of the General Broadcasting System and director of WGBS.
The new station, it was explained, is one of twenty-seven television stations now operating throughout the country and is “devoted to experimentation in the presentation of programs of entertainment value.” The De Forest station, W2XCD, at Passaic, N.J., will continue to operate regularly, as it has for the last two months, but its emphasis will be on the technical and engineering phases of television. As quickly as new developments are perfected at Passaic, it was explained, they will be installed in the New York station, where the primary emphasis is on entertainment.
The programs may be intercepted in the home by means of any standard radio receiving set tuned to WGBS of 254 meters and a television receiving apparatus tuned to 147.5 meters. The television set costs about the same as a high-grade radio set. Although the pictures are small, several persons may enjoy a program at the same time.


May 2, 1931
Last week television station W2XCR of New York city inaugurated its dally schedule of sight and sound programs with a gala opening. Now it and W2XCD of Passaic, N. J., owned by affiliated organizations, the Jenkins Television Corporation and the De Forest Radio Company, respectively, will cooperate to the good of the new science. W2XCD will continue its dally features.
On Monday evening Walker Crommlin will aing, accompanied by himself on the ukelele, and Fred Link, transmitting tube engineer of the De Forest Radio Company, will speak on transmitting tubes. The first episode of the week's film serial. "King of the Pack." will be exhibited. A United States Navy film will round out the evening.
Sound From Two Stations.
On Tuesday W2XCD will tie in its sound transmitter, which operates on a wave length slightly under the broadcast band, with radio station WNJ of Newark. N. J., the sound element being broadcast from both stations. Moreover, WNJ will furnish the evening's direct pick-up program, the first portion of which will be the Smedley Family, familiarly known as the Blue Ridge Mountaineers, in a medley of Hill Billy songs. Giuseppe and Gitanella will perform in duo on two guitars. The serial will be continued, the program ending with a film on English sports, showing cricket and other national games.
On Wednesday evening W2XCD will present for the second time George Menen and Ben Coradora, playing a variety of stringed instruments in harmony. "King of the Pack," the film serial, will be continued. The evening will close with "If My Dreams Come True."
Accordionist Returns.
Johnny Brelich is no newcomer to the television audience of W2XCD and will be seen and heard again on Thursday, playing his accordion in a group of popular songs. The fourth and fifth episodes of the serial will be shown as the film portion, with which the program will come to a conclusion.
On Friday evening Allen B. Du Mont, chief engineer of the De Forest Radio Company, who has been absent from the camera and microphone of W2XCD for several weeks, will return to his own station, addressing his listeners on "New Developments in Science." James McGrath will play several violin selections to round out the direct pick-up, while "Ups and Downs," a two-reel comedy will supply the comic element of the evening.


“King of the Pack” starred Peter the Great, the Miracle Dog, with Vera Lewis and was a 1926 release by Lumas. The dog forces a widow moonshiner over a cliff, digs up a girl’s stolen money and delivers it to her poor owners. One of the characters is named Kitty Carlisle! “Ups and Downs” was a 1911 Vitagraph film about a rich girl marrying a poor guy and trying to live on his income. “Felix Gets His Fill” came out in March 1925.

One viewer wrote: “The other evening from W2XBS while looking in I could see the gentleman very clearly talking on the French type telephone. Later on a stuffed dog on a revolving table was seen, clear and distinct, the dog having a jacket over its body and on its two front feet. This was also a direct pickup. After this the usual announcements on placards were in order, namely, W2XBS, New York, U. S. A., and N. B. C. Also occasionally the symbol of N. B. C. is shown, a microphone with radio flashes. My scanner has sixty holes.” Another QSLed: “The program from W2XBS is more or less the same every evening, although sometimes a person stands in front of the direct pickup camera.”

May 9, 1931
First it was piano lessons by radio; now it is to be piano lessons by television. Not satisfied with merely transmitting faces of artists in action, one television studio in Washington, W3XK, a pioneer in the art, has arranged to televised a series of pianoforte studies with Mme. Marie von Unschuld of that city in the role of instructor. Mme. Unschuld heads her own school of piano instruction in the capital.
The course will be arranged for both beginners and piano teachers, according to D.E. Replogle, vice-president of the Jenkins Television Corporation. For those who desire them, weekly test sheets will be sent for study and for later correction. From time to time, Mme. Unschuld will introduce some of her pupils to the audience through the medium of the televisor.
Plenty of Signals Here.
At least two stations in New York and vicinity are supplying good television signals for owners of image receivers in this locality. W2XCR and W2XCD, the former in New York and the latter in Passiac, are on the air daily except Sunday with a variety program of films and direct pick-up. The general conduct of affairs has improved to extent of arranging programs more than a week ahead, thus giving listeners a chance to plan their evening’s entertainment. W3XK in Washington has one of the most powerful transmitters in the East and can be heard by any one in any part of this city. Due to public approval, W2XCD increases its daily operating time by half an hour commencing this week. Once a week, on Tuesday, this transmitter combines with broadcasting station WNJ so that both sound and sight signals are made available. WGBS, as formerly, ties in with W2XCR for three hours daily for the same purpose.
The soloist on W2XCD for Monday will be Miss Florence Kingsland, soprano. On Tuesday, in addition to films, televisors will be offered the talents of the regular artists on WNJ. On Wednesday evening an innovation will be offered in John Foley and his four-man Irish orchestra. The remainder of the programs will continue to be the same general make-up, consisting of a film or two and an actual artist or artists.


One viewer on Long Island told the Sun the best signal was from W2XBS “but all one can see is the call letters . . . and N. B. C. Occasionally one sees Felix the Cat or the Charley Chaplin figure on a revolving table.” Another favoured W2XCR, saying they had up to 20 people crowded into his home watching. “I could easily detect some of the details, such as the movements of eyes and lips, but since last Wednesday evening the pictures are now coming over even better. One may now easily see an artist’s teeth or a necklace if she wears one.”

“Alice Loses Out” is a 1925 Disney short starring Margie Gay and Julius the cartoon cat. “Felix Monkeys With Magic” also came out that year. “Benedict Arnold” may have been much earlier. Vitagraph released a film about him in 1909.

May 16, 1931
The offerings of television stations are rapidly passing from the amateurish stage in which they naturally found themselves at the start into the field of balanced entertainment, the standard for which has been set by the larger sound studios. This week, for instance, W2XCR has arranged a fashion review in which the sight of the manikins will be accompanied by a running description of the creations. This event will take place Tuesday afternoon at 3:30. Tomorrow over the same station, working together with WGBS, Mary Nolan, film star, will make her appearance as a television star.
On Wednesday W2XCR-WGBS will feature Harriet Mencken, who will speak on the current New York theater.
On Thursday Albert D. Levin continue his series on law for the layman, while on the evening following the Romantic Troubadour will be with us in view as well as in sound. Chamberlain Brown's session with stars of the Broadway stage will enhance Friday for the television enthusiast.
On Monday evening W2XCD of Passaic, will broadcast the comedy film "Boating," and Grace Mueller will make her television debut in a group of soprano selections. Fred Link of the DeForest engineering staff will speak on transmitting tubes.
On Tuesday the same television station will be hooked up with WNJ of Newark, broadcasting its weekly-joint program, the sound emanating from both W2XCD on 1,604 kc. and WNJ on 1,450 kc. Two films will he shown, a cartoon comedy and "Grandfather's Clock," taken from the poem of Henry C. Work of the old clock that failed to go when grandfather died.
Oliver O'Dell, staff singer of WOR, will shift studios on Wednesday night in order to be presented for the first time to the television audience. He will sing two groups of songs. The film portion of the program will be devoted to "The Slave Auction," depleting the incident of the auction block which caused Abraham Lincoln to make his famous vow, which we see fulfilled during his lifetime.
Another new face and voice, to say nothing of costumes, will be presented on Thursday evening, when W2XCD broadcasts Miss Lila McClelland in two groups of character and costume songs dressed in appropriate regalia. The famous story of the grasping Scrooge, who, when jaunted by the ghosts of his past, resolves to reform and bring happiness to those about him, will be depleted in pictorial form, together with a comedy cartoon.


A couple of silent cartoons of note: “Alice’s Fish Story” was a Disney short from 1924, while “Alice in the Jungle” was released the following year. “Westward Whoa” was a two-reeler starring Bert Roach and three chimps (as Indians) from Universal, 1922. “Felix Finds ‘Em Fickle” is from 1925. “The Slave Auction” was a short released in April 1918 by Paramount as part of a series on Abe Lincoln. W2XBS still has the revolving stuffed dog, according to one Sun reader.

May 23, 1931
The Sun editions for the two weeks don’t exist. W2XCD has two features cut-up: one is “Custer’s Last Fight,” released in October 12 and directed by Thomas Ince, and “War of the Wooden Soldiers” by Burton Holmes, released May 1923. “Alice’s Egg Plant” is from 1925 and is the only film where Dawn O’Day played Alice.

May 30, 1931
This week’s feature is “Red Riding Hood,” possibly the Baby Peggy version from 1922. “Bleak House” from 1917 starred Constance Collier as Lady Deadwood. “Chop Suey Louie” was a 1923 two-reeler starring Joe Rock. “His Ups and Downs” includes an airplane and a big gas balloon in the plot. Ford Sterling takes a ride in the plane, and views are shown of Los Angeles and vicinity taken at a high altitude. A 1913 film.

Click on any of the listings to enlarge them. They start with the week of March 8, 1931 and end with the week of May 31, 1931 (dates can be seen if you hover your mouse over the picture).